Перейти к содержимому
Термин

Payment systems

Definition

Payment systems are a set of services and mechanisms through which a seller accepts payment from a buyer, receives settlements and records transactions in accounting. They include acquiring, electronic wallets, transfers, POS terminals and payment aggregators.

How payment systems work — brief steps

The payment workflow can be described in four steps relevant to a seller on Kaspi.kz and other channels:

  • Payment initiation: the buyer chooses a payment method — card, Kaspi Pay, an electronic wallet or cash on delivery.
  • Authorization: the issuing bank or payment service verifies the payment data and reserves the amount. For cards this takes milliseconds; for transfers — minutes or hours.
  • Clearing and settlement: funds move through the payment infrastructure to the acquirer or marketplace. At this stage fees and holds are applied. Settlement times vary from the same day to several business days.
  • Payout to the seller: the marketplace or acquirer transfers funds to the seller's settlement account or to an internal account within the ecosystem (for example, Kaspi). The seller reconciles receipts with orders and finalises shipment.

Types of payment systems and their specifics for Kazakhstan

Classifying by type helps select a combination that minimises fees and accounting errors.

  • Internet acquiring (bank cards)

    Accepts Visa and Mastercard; MIR is sometimes supported. Internet acquiring fees in Kazakhstan typically range from 1.5–3.5% of the transaction amount plus a fixed fee with some providers. Settlement time is from one day up to 3–5 business days depending on the contract.

  • Ecosystem payments (Kaspi Pay, Kaspi Checkout)

    Kaspi.kz provides built‑in payment and settlement solutions inside its ecosystem. Advantages include easy integration with marketplace order accounting and shorter payout times. Kaspi Pay fees depend on product category and sales format and are often competitive for Kaspi sellers.

  • Payment aggregators

    Aggregators combine multiple payment methods (cards, wallets, mobile payments) into a single integration point via API. This is convenient for multichannel sellers, but the aggregator charges its own fee on top of acquiring.

  • Electronic wallets and mobile payments

    Wallets (including wallet services inside local ecosystems) often provide fast transfers and simplified UX for buyers. Fees and limits vary: wallet-to-wallet transfers can be cheap or free, while payouts to bank accounts may incur charges. In Kazakhstan, wallets integrated with marketplaces (e.g., Kaspi wallet features) allow faster internal settlements and simplified reconciliation.

  • Cash on delivery (COD) and offline payments

    Cash on delivery remains common in some categories. COD implies higher handling costs and longer settlement times — funds are collected offline and then deposited to the seller’s account, often with a service fee from the delivery partner.

  • POS and in‑store acquiring

    For sellers with physical points of sale, POS acquiring accepts cards and contactless payments. POS contracts and fees differ from internet acquiring; reconciliation and settlement timelines should be planned separately.

Why a seller should choose the right payment system

Choosing the correct payment mix affects cash flow, margins, customer conversion and operational workload. Main reasons:

  • Reduce costs — different methods have different fee structures.
  • Speed up cash flow — shorter payout schedules improve liquidity.
  • Improve conversion — convenient local methods (Kaspi Pay, wallets) increase checkout conversion.
  • Simplify accounting — integrated solutions reduce reconciliation effort.
  • Mitigate risks — some methods offer better fraud protection and dispute handling.

Examples and real situations of sellers on Kaspi.kz

Common scenarios observed among Kaspi.kz sellers:

  • Small electronics seller: uses Kaspi Pay for most marketplace orders to leverage faster internal payouts and lower manual reconciliation.
  • Multi‑channel clothing brand: integrates a payment aggregator to accept cards and wallets across its website, marketplace and physical stores; reconciles aggregator reports with marketplace settlements.
  • High‑value goods seller: negotiates bespoke acquiring terms to lower percentage fees and arranges scheduled payouts to manage cash flow.
  • Seller with many returns: faces delayed settlements due to holdbacks; reduces chargebacks by improving shipment tracking and timely customer support.

Practical recommendations for selection and setup

  • Estimate volumes and average ticket to choose the optimal fee model (percentage vs fixed).
  • Compare settlement schedules and available payout frequencies (daily, weekly, instant for a fee).
  • Check integration options: plugins, API, webhooks, test environment.
  • Prepare required documents early (KYC) to avoid onboarding delays.
  • Run A/B tests at checkout to measure conversion across payment methods.
  • Negotiate fee tiers as volume grows and consider combining methods for best cost/coverage.

Integration and automation of accounting

Automation significantly reduces manual effort and errors. Key practices:

  • Link payments to order numbers via unique IDs and use webhooks or daily report exports from payment providers for automatic reconciliation.
  • Record separate ledger entries for gross amount and fees; keep acquirer reports and bank statements for cross‑checking.
  • Automate matching of payouts to orders in your ERP or accounting system; flag discrepancies for investigation.
  • Store dispute and refund documentation centrally to speed up chargeback responses.

Risks and how to manage them

Main risks and mitigation measures:

  • Fraud and chargebacks: enable 3‑D Secure, CVV checks, velocity limits and anti‑fraud rules from aggregators; keep proof of delivery and communication logs.
  • Holds and delayed payouts: understand provider hold policies, supply complete KYC, and avoid excessive disputes and returns.
  • Compliance/AML: keep required documentation, monitor unusual patterns and cooperate with providers on verification requests.
  • Reconciliation mismatches: automate reports, keep distinct accounts for marketplace settlements and operating funds, and reconcile daily.

Monitoring metrics and KPIs

Track the following to control payment performance:

  • Payment conversion rate by method.
  • Payment failure rate and reasons.
  • Average payout time and variability.
  • Fee per order and total payment costs.
  • Chargeback rate and dispute win rate.
  • Reconciliation discrepancy rate and time to resolve.

Conclusion

For sellers on Kaspi.kz and in Kazakhstan in general, a deliberate payment strategy lowers costs, speeds up cash flow and improves buyer experience. Combine ecosystem payments (when advantageous) with acquiring and aggregators as needed, automate reconciliation and prepare for fraud management to stabilise operations and scale sales efficiently.

Часто задаваемые вопросы

How can I shorten payout times from a marketplace or acquirer to the seller's settlement account?
Check the marketplace’s clearing schedule and hold periods — different providers process payouts from the same day up to several business days. To accelerate receipts, enable daily payouts, provide all KYC documents and configure correct bank details; some acquirers offer instant payouts for an additional fee. Also minimise returns and disputes — they lock funds and extend settlement times.
What types of fees should be considered when choosing a payment system for an online store in Kazakhstan?
Assess card acquiring percentage, aggregator fixed and variable fees, currency conversion charges and withdrawal fees to the account. Also consider additional expenses: returns/chargebacks, POS terminal rental and monthly subscription fees. All these items affect margin and pricing, so include them in your cost model.
How do I set up accounting and daily reconciliation of receipts from different payment channels?
Link payments to order numbers via unique IDs and use webhooks or report exports from payment providers for automatic reconciliation. Post separate entries for gross amounts and fees, and keep acquirer reports and bank statements for comparison. Automation in your accounting system or integration with ERP significantly reduces manual errors and speeds up period closing.
What basic measures should be implemented to prevent fraud and minimize chargebacks?
Enable 3‑D Secure and CVV checks for card payments, set rate limits and monitor anomalies by amount and geography. Keep proof of shipment and tracking, respond promptly to buyer claims and document returns — this increases the chance of winning disputes with banks. Also use aggregator anti‑fraud rules and maintain a blacklist of suspicious customers.
Should I accept payments in foreign currency and what are the nuances in Kazakhstan?
Accepting foreign currency is convenient for international buyers but entails conversion fees and possible delays due to interbank settlements. The bank or payment provider may require additional documents and may settle in KZT at their rate, which affects revenue. Evaluate the volume of foreign sales and conversion economics before enabling multi‑currency.
What documents and data do payment providers and marketplaces in Kazakhstan typically require for onboarding?
For legal entities they usually request BIN, incorporation documents, an extract from the registry, settlement account details and the passport of the responsible person; for sole proprietors (IP) — IIN and registration certificate. Providers may request a lease agreement, address confirmation and documents evidencing activity (product catalog, store URL). The full package and verification times depend on the provider’s policy and AML requirements.